The relevance of the topic. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that rational investment behavior ensures the creation of a favorable investment environment, the effective use of capital investments, which helps to improve the socio-economic situation in the region. Goal. To study the theoretical aspects of the content of the category "investment behavior of regions" and analyze the indicators characterizing the investment behavior of the regions of the Central Federal District. Methodology. To achieve this goal, methods of formal logic, economic and statistical analysis, and heuristic methods were used to substantiate trends and develop recommendations. Results and conclusions. The study was carried out in two aspects: theoretical - it allowed us to determine the conceptual-categorical apparatus and indicators for studying the investment behavior of a macroregion, practical - within the framework of which a number of indicators of the socio-economic situation of the regions of the Central Federal District were analyzed, characterizing investment behavior. The conducted research made it possible to establish a high level of differentiation in terms of investment behavior in the regions of the Central Federal District and offer recommendations for its regulation. Scope of application. The results of the study can be used by government authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to regulate investment activities and justify measures to improve the investment behavior of regional economies.