Tretyakov A. G.

Relevance of the topic. In the context of economic transformation, the region's environmental and economic policy plays a central role in shaping its future development. It is designed to harmonize economic growth with the preservation of natural systems, which is the foundation for the region's long-term sustainable development and the well-being of its population. By considering the environmental, economic, and social aspects, it aims to manage their complex interconnections, minimizing potential risks and maximizing synergies. Purpose. To conduct a systematic analysis of the theoretical foundations of the formation and practical tools for implementing the region's environmental and economic policy aimed at ensuring sustainable development and a balanced relationship between economic growth and environmental security. Methodology. The study is based on a complex of methods, including a systematic approach to the study of environmental and economic policy as a complex system of interconnected elements, a comparative analysis to compare the foundations and tools of policy in different regions of Russia, as well as a method of forecasting and scenario planning. Results and conclusions. This article systematizes and clarifies the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of environmental and economic policy in the region. The main goals and objectives of the policy, as well as the factors affecting its effectiveness, are identified. The paper provides a classification and detailed analysis of existing and potential tools for implementing environmental and economic policies, assessing their strengths and weaknesses, as well as their applicability in different regional contexts. The paper identifies systemic barriers and limitations that hinder the effective development and implementation of regional environmental and economic policies, and proposes modified approaches for further improvement. Scope of application. Regional economy, environmental management economy, formation of a regional management system.

The article is devoted to the consideration of forest resources as objects of economic assessment. The article presents a classification of forest resources, each of which categories is compared with existing approaches to assessment. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of the application of existing approaches to assessment, taking into account the specifics of forestry. As part of the study, at the first stage, the widest list of forest resources was determined, presented in the form of a developed classification. It should be noted that at the moment, the rental approach to the assessment of forest resources is most widely used. However, in order to obtain the most accurate estimate, the rental approach has been supplemented with methods related in their pure form to the cost, income or comparative approaches. Thus, each of the groups of forest resources was considered from the perspective of the three designated approaches, taking into account their characteristics and the specifics of forestry. Goal. Improvement of approaches to the definition of objects of economic assessment in relation to forest resources, based on their developed classification. Methodology. Methods of logical and comparative analysis of cost, income and comparative approaches in the assessment of forest resources, taking into account the peculiarities of forestry. Results and conclusions. As part of the study, a classification of forest resources was developed, including two enlarged groups «economic forest resources» and «non-economic forest resources» and a sub-classification of their respective subgroups. Based on the classification obtained, approaches to the assessment of each classification group of forest resources were justified, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of costly, profitable and comparative approaches to assessing forest resources. Scope of application. The field of forestry at the macro level.