The relevance of the topic. The need to assess the mineral resource complex of Russia as a national competitive advantage of our country on a global scale. Goal. Analysis of Russia's resource security in retrospect and in the context of the new political and economic reality. Methodology. Descriptive method, synthesis, time series analysis. Results and conclusions. Further development of the country's mineral resource complex must be carried out considering the significant rate of depletion of a number of strategically important natural resources. In order to avoid a decrease in the competitiveness of the domestic economy, we see one of the solutions as a reduction in the extraction of export-oriented types of minerals, the reserves of which are close to critical values, and geological exploration work for which does not compensate for their extraction from the subsoil. In our opinion, this should not lead to a radical decrease in the positive balance of foreign trade, and the risks of a social nature seem to be expressed to a lesser extent compared to the consequences of the complete depletion of certain types of resources. Scope of application. The sphere of state target planning, international comparisons.