THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS ON GLOBAL TRADE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A «GREEN» ECONOMY

Abstract

The relevance of the topic. Customs authorities, as the most important players in international trade, must adapt to new environmental requirements and ensure compliance with standards related to environmental protection, which imposes additional obligations on businesses and affects the economic situation in the country. The introduction of environmental taxes and duties, as well as the need to certify the ecological purity of goods and services, are becoming not only an environmental issue, but also a strategic part of economic policy. Goal. The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of environmental standards on customs procedures and international trade, as well as to study how these standards affect tax policy and economic processes in the global and national economy. The article examines how the «green economy» and environmental requirements (for example, carbon emission certificates, product environmental safety standards) change trade flows, import and export of goods, as well as how these changes affect taxation and stimulate the introduction of sustainable and environmental technologies in business. Methodology. Methods of comparative and logical analysis, systematization of data. Results and conclusions. The adaptation of customs procedures and the introduction of environmental duties, as well as tariffs, is an important step towards integrating environmental and economic goals at the global level. They help to stimulate sustainable production, reduce environmental pollution, and support environmental initiatives in international trade. The adoption of environmental standards at the level of customs and tax authorities will contribute to improving product quality, reducing carbon emissions and stimulating sustainable development. Carbon duties and certification of environmentally friendly products show how coordinated efforts at the international level can stimulate not only environmental protection, but also the creation of new economic opportunities for businesses.