The relevance of the topic. In the context of increasing sanctions pressure from the international community, the Russian Federation is developing and implementing comprehensive measures to ensure national economic security and sustainable economic development. One of the key areas of government policy in this area is the import substitution strategy, aimed at reducing dependence on imports and stimulating domestic production. This process requires a systematic approach and coordination of the efforts of various government agencies, business and the scientific community. Goal. A comprehensive analysis of the problems of implementing the import substitution strategy in the Russian Federation under unprecedented sanctions pressure. Methodology. The research is based on an integrative approach that includes a systemic and institutional analysis, as well as an assessment of potential risks. Results and conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, the key problems and challenges faced by the import substitution strategy in the Russian Federation have been identified. On the one hand, significant progress has been achieved in the development of domestic production in a number of sectors of the economy. On the other hand, there are significant challenges to the successful implementation of this strategy. One of the most important factors influencing the effectiveness of the import substitution strategy is government support. Under the conditions of sanctions pressure, the role of the state in supporting domestic producers is becoming particularly important. The scope of application. This research is of interest to specialists in the field of economic theory, political economy and import substitution. The results of this work may be in demand by government officials responsible for the development and implementation of measures aimed at supporting national producers, ensuring sustainable economic growth and increasing the country's competitiveness in the face of sanctions pressure.
