Volkova T. A.

Relevance of the topic. In the context of economic transformation, the region's environmental and economic policy plays a central role in shaping its future development. It is designed to harmonize economic growth with the preservation of natural systems, which is the foundation for the region's long-term sustainable development and the well-being of its population. By considering the environmental, economic, and social aspects, it aims to manage their complex interconnections, minimizing potential risks and maximizing synergies. Purpose. To conduct a systematic analysis of the theoretical foundations of the formation and practical tools for implementing the region's environmental and economic policy aimed at ensuring sustainable development and a balanced relationship between economic growth and environmental security. Methodology. The study is based on a complex of methods, including a systematic approach to the study of environmental and economic policy as a complex system of interconnected elements, a comparative analysis to compare the foundations and tools of policy in different regions of Russia, as well as a method of forecasting and scenario planning. Results and conclusions. This article systematizes and clarifies the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of environmental and economic policy in the region. The main goals and objectives of the policy, as well as the factors affecting its effectiveness, are identified. The paper provides a classification and detailed analysis of existing and potential tools for implementing environmental and economic policies, assessing their strengths and weaknesses, as well as their applicability in different regional contexts. The paper identifies systemic barriers and limitations that hinder the effective development and implementation of regional environmental and economic policies, and proposes modified approaches for further improvement. Scope of application. Regional economy, environmental management economy, formation of a regional management system.

Relevance. In the current development of the Russian Federation, the problem of spatial inequality is becoming more pronounced due to the concentration of investments in a limited number of leading regions. This study aims to identify the causal relationships between investment imbalances and key indicators of regional inequality, as well as to develop scientifically based recommendations for mitigating these imbalances. Goal. To identify the causal relationships between investment imbalances and key indicators of spatial inequality in the Russian Federation, and to develop differentiated recommendations for their mitigation based on this. Methodology. The study is based on a set of methods, including statistical analysis to quantify the extent of imbalances, comparative analysis to identify types of regions based on investment volumes, and correlation analysis to establish the relationship between the studied indicators. Results and conclusions. The article studies the distribution of investments between regions and identifies the causes of investment imbalances. The main focus is on analyzing the factors contributing to the intensification of regional differences and exploring possible ways to overcome investment inequality in order to achieve balanced territorial development. The article quantifies investment imbalances and examines the relationship between investment levels and GDP per capita (the correlation coefficient for the study period was between 0.91 and 0.97), which confirms the hypothesis that investments play a crucial role in deepening regional development disparities. A set of differentiated measures of state regional policy has been developed to smooth out disproportions in investment and development of the Russian Federation's regions. Scope of application. The practical significance lies in the fact that the conclusions and recommendations of the article can be used by public authorities when forming and adjusting the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation and state investment and regional development programs.

Relevance: Human resources play a key role in ensuring the development of not only enterprises, but also regions and the country as a whole. However, insufficient attention is paid to the issues of ensuring the personnel security of the state and determining its place in the overall national security system. Given the significant differences in the methods of ensuring the personnel security of economic systems at different levels, the problems of assessing and ensuring the personnel security of the state and its regions deserve special attention. Goal. The purpose of the study is to determine the essence of the personnel security of the state and to develop a system of indicators for its assessment. The study was carried out on the basis of official statistics from Rosstat. Methodology. The research is based on methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, critical analysis and comparison, statistical data analysis, as well as methods of tabular and graphical visualization of data. Results and conclusions. The article considers modern approaches of Russian scientists to the definition of the concept of personnel security of macro- and meso-level systems. It is established that the most correct interpretation of the concept of personnel security of the state is through the state of the elements and characteristics of the economic system. The key threats to the personnel security of the state are identified and a system of indicators and criteria for assessing threats to the personnel security of the state is proposed. The proposed indicators for assessing the personnel security of the state and its subjects are of the greatest practical importance. He personnel security of the state is the most important factor in its economic development, which makes it necessary to assess and monitor threats to personnel security and take measures to level them. The scope of application. The results of the study can be taken into account when developing strategic planning documents in the field of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation.

In the context of the rapidly changing economic situation in the country and the world as a whole, the issues of socio-economic security research are becoming relevant. Current trends in the socio-economic development of the regions create prerequisites for determining indicators for diagnosing the level of socio-economic security. Goal. The purpose of the study is to present a set of indicators for diagnosing the level of socio-economic security at the regional level and its analysis. Methodology. The study was carried out using the methods of system and complex analysis, the method of grouping data. Results and conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, a system of risk factors affecting the socio-economic security of the region has been identified, a list of indicators for assessing the socio-economic security of the region has been presented, and a scale for assessing the socio-economic security of the region has been formed. The proposed methodology for assessing the level of socio-economic security will allow identifying problem areas in the socio-economic system of the region and taking regulatory measures to increase the level of socio-economic security. Scope of application. The results of the study can be used in the development and updating of methodological management tools at the regional level. According to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 208 dated May 13, 2017, challenges and threats to economic security must be taken into account when developing strategic planning documents in the field of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation.