Vol. 46 No. 3 (2019)

The article attempts to formulate filters and factors to assess the effectiveness of building a rational infrastructure. The efficient functioning of infrastructure is clearly becoming a condition for the successful functioning and development of economic systems based on the coordinated operation of components, which allows regional infrastructure participants to significantly reduce their costs.

The determining factor for sustainable economic growth is ensuring timely and sufficient investment resources. It is important for the region that such sources can be used on a longterm basis. It is also important that they are aimed not only at maintaining existing technologies and industries, but also contribute to the formation of industries of a new technological structure, digitalization. Official statistics indicate a disproportion in the socioeconomic development of Russia’s regions. Disproportions are aggravated by both heterogeneity in natural geographical and demographic parameters, and uneven regional investment space. In this regard, the analysis of the current dynamics of investments in the region and the study of their growth opportunities are of theoretical and practical interest.The article assesses the dynamics of investment support in the Kursk region, identifies trends that have led to changes in the structure of investment financing sources, as well as in the sectoral focus of investments. The problems that impede the flow of investment into the region were identified and measures to intensify work with investors were proposed.

At the present stage of development of scientific and technological progress, the digital revolution has affected almost all types of economic activities. Digital technologies covered almost the entire information, financial and significant part of the production and social spheres. Today, digital transformation is based on changes associated with the introduction of information and communication technologies. Dynamic development has transformed the global economy. Global economic growth and competitiveness are closely linked to the digital economy. Digital technologies allow to optimize costs, increase the profitability of existing assets and increase the efficiency of investments. In the near future, the competitiveness of the company will be determined by the level of digitalization. In particular, the financial sector is experiencing increased competition and new entrants to the market, including the emergence of a large number of financial and technology companies and alternative banks.The article analyzes the prospects of digital transformation of the global and Russian financial sectors. The development of the global and Russian market of digital financial technologies is analyzed. Identified areas of the financial market, which are most affected by financial technology.

The content analysis of modern publications testifies to the extreme popularity of research on innovations, their production and distribution, as well as network structures and the digital economy as a new technological order. Sharing the growing research interest, in this article we have tried to establish a logical link between innovation processes, the formation of network structures and the development of the digital economy. Based on numerous results of our own research and accumulated knowledge in the field of integration interaction of innovation active actors, we have set ourselves the task to identify the problems and prospects of networking, taking into account the challenges of the digital economy associated with globalization, Informatization, updating the competencies of economic agents, the emergence of the need for new knowledge, resources and resource opportunities.

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of institutional forms and tools of management of socioeconomic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation, presented in regional strategies, developed in accordance with the requirements of the Federal law of the Russian Federation of June 28, 2014 № 172 «on strategic planning in the Russian Federation».

Purpose. Identification of interrelations of strategic positioning of industrial development of regions of Central Black Earth Macroregion (CBEM) and the work forces providing it. Discussion. Industrial development of Russia and regions of the country is considered as a strategic vector which maintenance is made: positive dynamics of industrial outputs, technical and technological improvement, export expansion, active import substitution, forming of perspective organization structures (clusters, technoparks, industrial parks, special economic zones, territories of the advancing development, etc.). Results. The analysis of strategy of social and economic development of CBEM showed that industrial development is positioned as competitive advantage by all regions of CBEM, and, irrespective of its actual level. In the specified documents the high level of attention to improvement of different aspects of industrial development is shown. The direct connection of a status and dynamics of industrial production with a solution of social problems, improvement of space development of regions is proved. In strategy will reach in general quite high level of compliance of the purposes, tasks, instruments of industrial development. At the same time it should be noted that a variety of solvable tasks is not fully provided with programs, projects for development of work forces. A set of indicators, typical for strategy, and their quantitative characteristics do not allow to see accurately perspectives of industrial development and resources, necessary for it. Most it belongs to work forces.

Russia was fully exposed to global trends in digital technology development. We have to face all the consequences of digitalization, which are already causing fundamental changes in the patterns of economic activity and social life in the leading countries. And the faster the pace of digital adoption, the more difficult the tasks of managing the development of the digital economy. Digitalization becomes the reason of technological complication and disappearance of a number of traditional professions owing to automation of the corresponding labor operations and at the same time emergence of new professions and increase in demand for nealgoritmiziruyemy work and creativity, socalled «human in the person». In the virtual environment there is a large part of labor relations and entire segments of employment, the flexibility of forms of which is significantly increased (the share of non dart, partial and unstable, one time employment, etc.). The article presented key aspects of the development of the digital economytrends in the development of digital technologies, changes under their influence in human living conditions, digitalization of the sphere of science, transformation of the labour market and demand for personnel competences. International and Russian practices of digital economy development are considered. The authors proposed new, innovative formats for digital skills and competences, which included business lectures, thinking clubs, design laboratories and others.

The article is devoted to the development of the methodological foundations of the spatio temporal study of regional economic security based on determining determinants. The attention is focused on the importance of understanding the object, subject, subject and objectives of the study of economic security of the regions. The necessity of studying the dynamics of the region’s development by the growth rates of the main indicators of economic security in the spacetime context is substantiated. The main scientific result obtained in the article is a list of indicators of the region’s economic security, which are grouped within the framework of economic, social, industrial and innovative projections, on the basis of which its integral values and levels can be determined. This will make it possible to carry out interregional comparisons of economic security, determine criteria values, and also support proactive management aimed at achieving and improving the level of economic security of the regions of the Russian Federation.

Purpose. To install a role of the state industrial parks in the system of mechanisms of innovative development of Russian regions. Discussion. Industrial parks are the mechanism of innovative development of economy, rather new to Russian regions. In scientific literature and standard and legal documents of regions for industrial parks paid attention after issue of federal regulations of 2014-2015 devoted to mechanisms of innovative technological development of the industry. For short term in scientific literature there was an extensive discussion of a role of industrial parks in innovative development of administrative territorial educations. Nevertheless, the special role of the state industrial parks is opened far not fully. Researchers unanimously distinguish the state and private industrial parks, however serious attempts to allocate the first of the general set and to reveal their role in the general system of mechanisms of innovative development do not become. Results. On the basis of historical and logical and comparative analysis the role of the state industrial parks as mechanism of innovative development of regions is shown. It is shown that perhaps successful functioning of the state industrial parks as separate, concerning the isolated economical and organizational systems, and within territories of the advancing development, special economic zones.

The article presents the formulation of the key task of improving the efficiency of public administration of the region’s economy, associated with the formation of the mechanism of coordination of the interests of the subjects of the region’s economy. The author proposes an approach that determines, firstly, the selective composition of the structural components of the development strategy of the RF subproject, the development of which is necessary to involve those or other subprojects of the regional economy, and secondly, the tools by which their participation in this process is ensured.

The spread of distance activities contributes to the gradual transformation of the nature of labor relations, as it modifies management processes in general, and also makes adjustments to the social sphere of the lives of workers and employers. The Gig economy model assumes flexible employment of personnel of organizations, outsourcing projects, popularizing freelance and using digital platforms, as a result of which it is necessary to correct traditional ones and develop new approaches to organizing labor. The article discusses the main trends of the global market for remote labor, outlines the range of problems in the organization of remote activity, and also analyzes the remuneration of remote workers.

The spread of digital technologies over a long period determines the trajectory of the economy and society and has already led to fundamental changes in people ‘s lives on more than one occasion. The emergence of the digital economy is one of the priorities for most countries economic leaders, including the United States, Great Britain, Germany, Japan, etc. As a rule, they are characterized by a long period of implementation of the «digital development agenda» and continuity of priorities, from the construction of a basic information and communication infrastructure to the formation of coordinated policies in this area and programmes to support the widespread adoption of digital technologies. The article discusses issues and problems of development, scaling and effective implementation of digital development tools based on analysis of the results of educational intensification of the University 20.35, Skolteh and Innovation Center Skolkovo Island 10-22. The unique educational format allowed for the first time in the world to form a digital footprint of the student, as well as to scale five tools of digital development: management of educational space, selection of participants on the basis of digital diagnostics and balance of potential; A decision on each development step of the participant; Accumulation of digital trace; Artificial intelligence for daily contact recommendations.

Purpose. To define intrinsic and substantial characteristics of scientific category «transport infrastructure of the region», to establish a ratio of the concepts reflecting various aspects of functioning of a transport complex of administrativeterritorial educations. Accuracy of definitions will allow to reduce substantially disagreements in definition of the necessary mechanisms providing effective management of transport subsystems of the country. Discussion. Incorrectness of identical use of the terms «transport system», «transport complex», «transport infrastructure» is proved in article. Such approaches to definition of the term «transport infrastructure as branch (system and technological), functional, cost, system and spatial are analysed. Results. Ustnovleno, that from the point of view of management of regional transport infrastructure it is expedient to use a combination of functional and system and spatial approaches.

The article considers modern methods of integrated analysis of the development of the regional housing market. The importance of research on this issue lies in the need to accelerate the social and economic development of the regions through the increase in the wellbeing of citizens and the accessibility of housing to the population. It is proposed to use the methodology of assessing the efficiency of the regional housing market through the system of component: general level of housing development; Housing security; Accessibility of housing; The level of improvement of housing. It is further proposed to calculate an integral indicator for assessing the efficiency of the regional housing market. The testing of the proposed methodology was carried out on the materials of the Oryol region in comparison with the regions of the Central Black Earth Economic Region (CCHER) (Kursk Region, Voronezh Region, Tambov Region, Belthe Region, Lipets Region). The application of this methodology will allow obtaining reliable and objective information on the state of the housing market in the regions.

In modern conditions a priority investment process for road transport is strengthening the material technical base of motor transport enterprises, while improving, in the opinion of authors, should apply technological processes of transportation and movement of passengers and cargo. The article reveals the preconditions and due to the necessity of development of innovative activity in the field of road transport, as well as proposed and justified directions of development of innovations in the organization of the transportation process and in economic activities motor transport enterprises, including the introduction of new technologies in the management of the company's personnel, new approaches to managerial (including financial) accounting.

The most relevant concept that meets the conditions for sustainable development of Russian regions is the circular economy. The study of the conceptual basis for the implementation of the principles of circular reproduction allowed to identify as its main property the multiturn use of products based on the secondary use of waste or their complete disposal. The need for the transition of Russian regions to this model is primarily due to the environmental challenges facing the country. The main prerequisite for the introduction of the principles of robotic circular reproduction is the increasing formation of a large amount of waste and a low level of their disposal and disposal. In the article the analysis of dynamics figure for the 2013-2017 assessment of the structure of the waste relative to the regions of the CFD. Information on the organizations engaged in environmental innovation that provides environmental safety in the production process of goods, works and services The ratio and structure of advantages and possible risks of introduction of circular economy are different for each specific territory that generates need of differentiation of ways of its introduction in the regions possessing different level of development. In addition, the specificity of socio economic priorities and ecological culture of the society has a significant impact on these processes. As additional opportunities to ensure sustainable growth of the regional economy, the article outlines the prospects for the introduction of innovative business models and principles of circular reproduction. The main directions of increase of efficiency of introduction of principles of circular reproduction in regions of the country are formulated.

Land management based on improving the methods of anti erosion organization of arable land, taking into account the technological requirements of agriculture, will ultimately contribute to increasing the ecological and biological productivity of agricultural land. The danger of the development of water and wind erosion necessitates a more rational and efficient use of eroded and erosionhazardous lands, which means improving the methods of anti erosion organization of the territory of agricultural organizations, taking into account the adaptive approach to the development and design of measures aimed at increasing the antierosion resistance of agricultural lands and increasing productivity of agricultural and especially arable land, based on technological The requirements of agriculture.

In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to the analysis and resolution of problems in the formation and development of the theory and practice of the management of organizations as a key factor in ensuring their vital activity, in particular the study of patterns in the field of general, strategic and administrative management. The article focuses on studying and explaining such a significant direction in the theory and practice of modern management of industrial enterprises as administrative management. The process of establishment and formation of the system of administrative management in the USA, countries of Western Europe and South East Asia was considered. Special attention is paid to the process of establishing an administrative management system in the complex realities of Russian business during the 20th century and in modern conditions. Shows what the administrative management system can do in today ‘s industrial enterprise.

Trends of development of the enterprises of car service are considered. Development of car service happens owing to emergence of new technologies, change of tenor of life. Changes in after sales service of cars have inevitable character. The regional markets of aftersales service promptly change. Single HUNDRED succeed large network car services which in the competition among themselves annually double market share. It requires special attention to steering and development of business in the sphere of transport. Favorable conditions regarding car services have developed a steady and significant increase in the number of potential consumers of these services. Organization of the production of maintenance and repair of machinery is the most important subsystem of the transport sector, which largely determines the effectiveness of its use.The article reveals the prerequisites and necessitates the development of corporate services in the field of automobile service.

The article presents the results of the study of theoretical and methodological foundations of the probability of bankruptcy in a rapidly changing economic environment. The main types of bankruptcy are identified, their causes and consequences are determined, the main regulated provisions of the assessment of the current level of bankruptcy of enterprises in Russia, as well as integrated models for assessing the solvency and diagnosing bankruptcy of enterprises of foreign and Russian scientists economists are considered. It is determined that the considered methods are possible for use by Russian enterprises for rapid assessment of financial condition and require additions. Based on the identified shortcomings of the models, it is proposed to improve the tools for assessing the probability of bankruptcy using additional methods of financial analysis in the form of a scoring evaluation model that allows classifying enterprises according to the degree of financial risk. It is shown that the evaluation method should be based on the key indicators of financial analysis, their boundary values and evaluation criteria. The practical application of the considered in this study integrated models and additional tools for assessing the solvency of enterprises is analyzed and the main directions of financial recovery of enterprises in the form of a system of protective financial mechanisms in situations of small, medium and high probability of bankruptcy of the organization are determined.

The tasks of optimal control are choosing the most advantageous modes of managing complex dynamic systems. In this paper, we give a solution to the optimal control problem proposed by E. A. Andreeva and V. M. Tsirulova in the training manual «Calculus of Variations and Optimization Methods». To solve the problem, the Pontryagin maximum principle was applied.

The article analyzes the concepts of «political process» and «political stability», which are considered in the context of modern, democratically oriented States. The political process is analysed from a historical perspective and is also seen as a dynamic aspect of policy. The author focuses on the institution of elections, through the functioning of which the continuity of the political course and the preservation of statehood is ensured, and as a result, the political process is stabilized. The institution of elections is analyzed as a factor ensuring political stability, since it creates the preconditions for the formation of various institutions after their conduct, and it is elections that are a means of legitimizing power institutions in a democratic society. At the same time, the author highlights the existing problems, expressed in the instability of the institution of elections, associated with repeated changes made to the electoral legislation.