Vol. 1 No. 4 (67) (2024)

The relevance of the topic. The article is devoted to the study of the prospects for the diversification of the economy of the Chechen Republic from the point of view of the development of new extractive industries. The rapid growth in demand for lithium (lithium-ion batteries, etc.) requires expanding its production capabilities and reducing its cost. Lithium extraction from brines of salt lakes, geothermal brines, and seawater is of increasing interest worldwide as an alternative to lithium ore mining due to its extensive reserves and relatively low cost. Currently, traditional technologies based on evaporation and precipitation of lithium salts are widely used to extract lithium from brines. However, they have limited performance and lead to significant environmental pollution. Recently, the attention of researchers has been focused on the creation of lithium recovery technologies using various electrochemical, membrane and similar technologies that can overcome these disadvantages. Goal. Assessment of the prospects for the development of the rare earth metals mining industry for the economy of the Chechen Republic. Methodology. The key scientific approaches were used: experimental and process-based. The main methods of scientific knowledge were: analysis and generalization. The information base was made up of scientific publications on the relevant research profile, open Internet sources, and own experimental developments. Results and conclusions. Today, the Chechen Republic is considered as the main region in the North Caucasus Federal District for the extraction of hydrocarbons. At the same time, it is necessary to state the fact that the share of the region in oil production is quite insignificant on a national scale. An analysis of the development opportunities of other extractive industries in the region is required. According to experts, the North Caucasus Federal District has a unique combination of balneological resources - mineral drinking waters, thermal waters and therapeutic mud. More than 30 % of all Russian mineral water resources and more than 70 % of the country’s thermal water reserves are concentrated in the North Caucasus. The region has a fairly large reserve of rare earth metals. The principles, advantages and disadvantages of existing and developing lithium recovery technologies are considered, in particular their selectivity, scaling limitations and environmental impact. The scope of application. The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (topic no. FZNU-2023-0004 Study of the problems of sustainable development of the North Caucasus macroregion in the context of global and national challenges).

The relevance of the topic. The manifestations of the VUCA BANI SHIVA of the world (there is no comma, since each abbreviation is part of a common integral characteristic of reality) necessitate the transformation of approaches to effective management. At the same time, a revolutionary paradigm shift is not required. It is enough to turn to history, select the most successful practices and update them. The most effective and successful reform in the history of our country was the NEP (new economic policy). The analysis of the content, mechanism, methods and tools of the NEP indicates that its important component was the work on the organization of long-term planning, the main provisions of which correspond to modern ideas about indicative planning. Based on the foundation of indicative planning, the author of this article has been engaged in providing scientific increment in the field of indicative management for the last 20 years, the potential of which has so far been underestimated and not fully used. The purpose of this article is to provide data on the state of knowledge of the problem of indicative management and to point out the possibilities of its implementation in order to ensure the balanced development of ecosystems at various levels, such as corporations, industries, regions. Goal. Substantiation of the prospects for coordinating management techniques aimed at ensuring the balanced development of industrial corporations, industries and regions, on the scale of a common management approach based on the use of management indicators for research, monitoring, analytical and planning and forecasting purposes. Methodology. Index method, method of analysis and synthesis, method of empirical generalization, monographic method, historical and logical approach, graphical method, sectoral, behavioral, stakeholder and dialectical approaches, matrix approach, system analysis. Results and conclusions. In conditions of socio-economic volatility, geopolitical explosiveness, chronic fatigue from resource scarcity, humanity, driven by the desire for development, continues to function, carrying out appropriate activities. At the same time, the word of the year, according to the creators of the Oxford Dictionary, was the expression «brain rot», meaning the result of excessive consumption of low-quality online content that negatively affects human cognitive abilities. Taking into account these circumstances and also the personal commitment of the author to the idea of indicative management, an attempt was made to justify a timely, relevant approach to managing ecosystems of corporate, sectoral and regional types. The approach consists in developing a matrix for making and implementing effective management decisions, formalized by specific methods and tools, justified taking into account the values of management indicators reflecting the current situation. The originality and novelty of the author's approach lies in the proposal to use a three-dimensional matrix: subjects of managerial interaction (providers, stakeholders, recipients), the object of management (structural divisions of corporations, industries, municipalities), management functions. The dimension of the matrix is its advantage, since, when using big data, artificial intelligence and other digital technologies, managers who share the ideology of indicative management have at their disposal a detailed program of operational, strategic and tactical measures, depending on the situation. The author's proposals are applicable in the context of digital transformation, as their content corresponds to the approach to the implementation of one of the end-to-end key technologies - the blockchain. The scope of application. Management of economic systems of any level of complexity interested in balanced development; digital transformation management; situational management; goal management; indicator analysis; indicative planning.

The relevance of the topic. The need to analyze the development of the Voronezh Region in a socio-economic context and to find relevant ways to improve the mechanisms for implementing the strategy of socio-economic development of the region. Goal. To explore the competitive advantages and problematic aspects of the socio-economic development of the Voronezh region; to analyze the priority directions of socio-economic development of the region; to formulate proposals for improving the mechanisms for implementing the strategy of socio-economic development of the Voronezh region. Methodology. The study is based on a systematic approach using statistical, comparative, logical and retrospective analysis. Results and conclusions. The study determined that strategies for the socio-economic development of regions are formed on the basis of approved national goals and priorities. It has been established that over the past years, as part of the implementation of the Strategy-2035, the potential of the Voronezh Region has not been fully disclosed. This conclusion is based on an assessment of the level of achievement of the main indicators, one third of which was not achieved during the year. The key problem in the implementation of the Socio-economic Development Strategy of the region is the low efficiency of the monitoring model, which does not ensure the effectiveness of monitoring the implementation of regional development indicators at the required level and, therefore, its modernization is required. It is revealed that the set of goals and priorities of the strategy of socio-economic development of the Voronezh region are based on the preferential characteristics of the region, its competitive capabilities, taking into account modern challenges, the negative effect of which the Strategy 2035 is designed to minimize. Proposals have been formulated to improve the mechanisms for implementing the strategy of socio-economic development of the Voronezh region. The application of these proposals is aimed at improving the quality of analytical work, improving the response to declining indicators and increasing public awareness of the implementation of the Strategy. The scope of application. The results of the study can be used in the process of improving the mechanisms for implementing the strategy of socio-economic development of the Voronezh region.

The relevance of the topic. Social, economic and environmental indicators play a key role in the sustainable development of the Russian nuclear energy industry in the context of digital transformation. The indicators established by correlation and regression analysis are directly related to electricity consumption, that is, the more we produce electricity, the more we consume it, and the more we consume it, the greater the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. Goal. To analyze the social, economic and environmental indicators that play a key role in the sustainable development of nuclear energy in the Russian Federation in the context of digital transformation. Methodology. Methods of correlation and regression analysis. Results and conclusions. In the context of modern challenges and restrictions related to international sanctions, and in the context of digital transformation, the Russian nuclear industry must develop steadily. The correlation and regression analysis of the relationship between environmental, economic and social indicators showed a direct relationship with electricity consumption — an increase in electricity production and, accordingly, its consumption leads to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. The scope of application. The field of nuclear energy.

The relevance of the topic. The need to assess the mineral resource complex of Russia as a national competitive advantage of our country on a global scale. Goal. Analysis of Russia's resource security in retrospect and in the context of the new political and economic reality. Methodology. Descriptive method, synthesis, time series analysis. Results and conclusions. Further development of the country's mineral resource complex must be carried out considering the significant rate of depletion of a number of strategically important natural resources. In order to avoid a decrease in the competitiveness of the domestic economy, we see one of the solutions as a reduction in the extraction of export-oriented types of minerals, the reserves of which are close to critical values, and geological exploration work for which does not compensate for their extraction from the subsoil. In our opinion, this should not lead to a radical decrease in the positive balance of foreign trade, and the risks of a social nature seem to be expressed to a lesser extent compared to the consequences of the complete depletion of certain types of resources. Scope of application. The sphere of state target planning, international comparisons.

The relevance of the topic. It is necessary to analyze and adjust the implementation of measures for the integrated development of territories by local governments in accordance with Federal Law of 30.12.2020 No. 494-FL. An important condition for the formation of an effective mechanism for managing the integrated development of a territory is the identification of its specific characteristics. Goal. To define the content of the concept of «integrated development of the territory» and elements of the management system of comprehensive development of the territory of a municipality as the level of state administration closest to the population. Methodology. Methods of logical, comparative, statistical analysis, synthesis, content analysis of Internet sources. The information base of the study consists of materials from federal and regional authorities, local governments. Results and conclusions. Based on the analysis of the essential features of the concept of «integrated development of the territory» of a municipality, its specific characteristics are proposed. As a result of the analysis of the management system for the integrated development of the territory of the urban district of the city of Voronezh, a conclusion is made about the need to improve it. The scope of application. Practice of implementing integrated development of municipal territories.

The relevance of the topic. Customs authorities, as the most important players in international trade, must adapt to new environmental requirements and ensure compliance with standards related to environmental protection, which imposes additional obligations on businesses and affects the economic situation in the country. The introduction of environmental taxes and duties, as well as the need to certify the ecological purity of goods and services, are becoming not only an environmental issue, but also a strategic part of economic policy. Goal. The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of environmental standards on customs procedures and international trade, as well as to study how these standards affect tax policy and economic processes in the global and national economy. The article examines how the «green economy» and environmental requirements (for example, carbon emission certificates, product environmental safety standards) change trade flows, import and export of goods, as well as how these changes affect taxation and stimulate the introduction of sustainable and environmental technologies in business. Methodology. Methods of comparative and logical analysis, systematization of data. Results and conclusions. The adaptation of customs procedures and the introduction of environmental duties, as well as tariffs, is an important step towards integrating environmental and economic goals at the global level. They help to stimulate sustainable production, reduce environmental pollution, and support environmental initiatives in international trade. The adoption of environmental standards at the level of customs and tax authorities will contribute to improving product quality, reducing carbon emissions and stimulating sustainable development. Carbon duties and certification of environmentally friendly products show how coordinated efforts at the international level can stimulate not only environmental protection, but also the creation of new economic opportunities for businesses.

The relevance of the topic. Border territories play an important role in the formation of a single economic space of a country, especially one as large and diverse as Russia. These regions have unique characteristics that make them strategically important for the state's economy. Goal. The purpose of presenting the characteristics of the border territories and their role in the single economic space of Russia is a comprehensive understanding of the importance of these regions for the sustainable socio-economic development of the country. Methodology. The following key scientific approaches were used: logical and process. The main methods of scientific knowledge were: economic and geographical analysis, cluster analysis, historical and institutional analysis. The information base of the research is based on the analysis of scientific works by reputable Russian and foreign scientists and practitioners, whose problems are the theory and methodology of spatial development of territories, and also contains provisions, approaches and concepts that have become generally accepted in modern economics and in regional economics. Results and conclusions. The border areas are located in close proximity to the borders of other countries, which makes them convenient for international cooperation, trade and cultural exchange. This can contribute to the development of cross-border business, tourism and logistics. Border regions often develop close economic relations with their neighbors. These can be joint projects, the supply of goods and services, the creation of free economic zones and customs unions. The development of transport infrastructure, including roads, railways, ports and airports, is a key factor for the successful functioning of the border regions. Well-developed infrastructure makes it possible to deliver goods and services across the border faster, reduce transport costs and increase the competitiveness of enterprises. Border territories are often influenced by the cultures of neighboring States, which creates a unique mix of traditions and customs. It promotes cultural exchange, tourism and the creation of joint cultural projects. There is often high labor mobility in border areas, as people can work both at home and abroad. This helps to support the region's economy and provide jobs. Due to their location, the border areas serve as the main entry and exit points for goods and services. They contribute to the development of foreign trade by providing access to international markets and creating opportunities for the export of Russian goods. The scope of application. The sphere of economic cooperation.

The relevance of the topic. The modern development of higher education is in an environment where every university is obliged to form and ensure the effective functioning of an economic security system that is under the influence of a complex of challenges and threats. The economic security of the higher education system is a relatively new area of scientific research that requires the formation of unified conceptual foundations that are consistent with existing regulations, the content of educational processes and trends in their development at the international, state and regional levels. Consequently, the issue of the content and level of impact of threats and challenges on it is subject to a separate scientific understanding. Goal. Generalization of scientific approaches to the study of the content of threats and challenges to the economic security of the higher education system as a basis for the development of an author's approach to their identification. Methodology. The paper proposes the author's method of studying the content of threats and challenges to the economic security of the higher education system, based on the preliminary grouping of its «objects». Results and conclusions. The study of existing approaches to the study of threats and challenges to the economic security of the higher education system has revealed the lack of a clear structure, allocation regardless of individual types of university activities, as well as participants in the educational space. The proposed author's approach to identify a group of objects for the analysis of threats and challenges affecting the economic security of the higher education system can be the basis for determining a clear structure of negative factors and the formation of measures to overcome them. The scope of application. The sphere of regional management of higher education.

The relevance of the topic. Despite the fact that there is currently a large pool of scientific research in the field of labor market research and, separately, economic security at the macro, meso- and micro levels, the economic security of the labor market is a fairly new and relevant area of research. Goal. To characterize the system of views on the process of ensuring economic security for the labor market. Methodology. The labor market has gone through a long path of evolutionary development and differs in a variety of worldview approaches, methods and research tools. The key scientific approaches were used: system, logical and process. The main methods of scientific knowledge were: comparison, analysis and generalization. The information base was made up of scientific publications on the relevant research profile, as well as open sources on the Internet. Results and conclusions. The labor market is considered not only an object of economic security, but also a factor that expresses the impact on its condition. The scope of application. Subjects and objects of the labor market of the Russian Federation.

The relevance of the topic. Tourism as one of the drivers of socio-economic development of territorial entities can become a potential source of growth in the welfare of citizens of the Voronezh region, especially since there are a sufficient number of cultural and tourist facilities in the municipalities of the region. Goal. Analysis of technologies and prospects for optimizing the development of Russian domestic tourism. Methodology. The following research tools were used: the method of generalization, historical and retrospective analysis, analysis of informative and analytical materials related to the tasks set in the study. Results and conclusions. Based on the results of the review of the prospects for optimizing the use of tools to support the development of tourism in the territory of the Russian Federation, a variety of application possibilities has been revealed. The indisputability of the need for transformations is noted, despite the high level of their complexity. The scope of application. Management of the development of the Russian domestic tourism sector.

The relevance of the topic. The problem of updating the implementation of personnel policy in a structured unified system of public authority of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation is constantly increasing with the formation of a management system of a new structure. Goal. Analysis of the features of personnel policy on the scale of a unified system of public authority in the subjects of the Russian Federation. Methodology. Methods of logical and comparative analysis of regional HR policy management practices. Results and conclusions. Based on the analysis and assessment of the current situation, the problems of implementing cross-system interaction were formulated, the directions of sustainable functioning of mechanisms for implementing personnel policy in a unified system of public authority were formulated. The scope of application. The sphere of personnel management at the level of the subject of the Russian Federation.

The relevance of the topic. The relevance of the study is due to the need to form a model of the economic success of the development of regions, their competitiveness is determined by the speed of managerial reactions to changes and challenges in the external environment. The study and assessment of the current level of socio-economic development of regions, the development of relevant tools for assessing the dynamics of the effectiveness of economic policy pursued by regional executive authorities is the topic of this study. Goal. The purpose of the study is to apply the modern method of agglomerative hierarchical clustering to classify socio-economic systems according to the level of management of the innovative potential of regions within the framework of long-term goals of building a competitive economy, which is an important factor in achieving the technological sovereignty of the country and improving the standard of living of the population. Methodology. A method of using one-dimensional clustering based on the Fisher algorithm, agglomerative hierarchical clustering, k-means clustering, and fuzzy clustering as relevant statistical methods for ranking regions by the level of innovation potential management is proposed. Results and conclusions. For the formation and classification of socio-economic systems of regions, the application of an 8-stage process for choosing an effective data clustering algorithm is proposed and the main stages of its use are considered. The identification of socio-economic mesosystems of the Russian Federation was carried out using the author's classification methodology according to the level of innovation potential management. In the matrix of balanced scientific and technological development, the influence of innovation management methods using the cluster analysis method for ranking and grouping clusters of socio-economic mesosystems is studied, which will further enable the development of management decisions in the context of managing the innovative potential of regions, developing state strategic policy in order to increase the competitiveness of regions, achieve technological sovereignty and improve the quality of life of the population. The scope of application. To assess the quality of the results of clustering of mesosystems of the Russian Federation according to the level of innovation potential management in the matrix of balanced scientific and technical development using metrics, a silhouette coefficient based on the author's methodology.

Relevance of the topic. For the accelerated development of the high-tech industry in the Russian Federation, it is of interest to study the best practices of countries that have quickly become world leaders in the production and commercialization of innovations in order to apply this experience in the country. In this context, the experience of South Korea, the experience of forming and implementing state policy for innovative development and promoting the country from a Japanese colony with an agricultural base to a world leader in innovation, is of undoubted interest. The purpose of the study is, firstly, to analyze the positive experience of the Republic of Korea in turning it into one of the most innovative countries in the world and, secondly, to the possibility of borrowing best practices and applying them in Russian conditions. Methodology The methodological basis of the article is methods of statistical analysis, graphical methods, methods of analysis and synthesis. Results and conclusions. A brief overview of the evolution of the economic development of the Republic of Korea, an analysis of the main stages of the country's economic development, and their effectiveness are presented. The factors that predetermined the development of South Korea and its transformation from an economically underdeveloped to an advanced country have been identified. Scope of application. Government bodies performing regulatory functions for the development of domestic industry.

The relevance of the topic. The insufficiently high efficiency of using the property of enterprises in the manufacturing sector of the economy reflects problems in asset management and does not allow achieving strategic development goals, which is especially important for companies in the context of economic sanctions and the adopted policy of import substitution. Goal. Formation of an integrated approach to the analysis of the assets of manufacturing companies for optimal asset management. Methodology. When writing the article, general scientific methods of cognition were used: observation, comparison, description, analysis. In the practical part, statistical data on the profitability of assets, the level of inflation, the share of unprofitable and profitable enterprises, as well as indicators of enterprises in the Kursk region, calculated according to accounting statements, are used. Results and conclusions. The article presents a conceptual model of analytical support for asset management of a production organization and describes it. The content of each of the stages of the analysis of the organization's property is considered and the main problems that are found in the process of analytical support for asset management are identified, as well as measures to eliminate them are proposed. Scope of application. The results of the study can be used in the development of a company's asset management strategy in order to increase the efficiency of its activities.

The relevance of the topic. The Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is an important industrial region for the country's economy. Today the industrial potential of the region has not been fully developed, and plans for its development are associated with growing environmental risks. One of the solutions aimed at reducing the negative impact of industrial enterprises on the environment in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a complex of carbon capture and storage technologies (CCS) with the possibility of CO2 storage in oil and gas fields. Since the Arctic shelf has dozens of deposits, CCS projects can potentially be implemented with their inclusion in the technological chain. Goal. Substantiation of the organizational and economic model of the implementation and economic assessment of the CCS project in the Arctic territories on the example of the Murmansk region. Methodology. The main research methods were content analysis, as well as general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, decomposition and grouping. The discounted cash flow method was used to assess the economic efficiency of the proposed CCS project. When estimating capital and operating costs for the project, elements of the analogy method based on open sources of information, as well as closed data from a Russian oil and gas company, were used. In order to analyze the risks of the project, the sensitivity analysis method was applied. Results and conclusions. The theoretical foundations of organizational and economic models and forms of CCS technological chains are analyzed. An integrated assessment of GHG emissions from key industrial companies in the Murmansk region was carried out, as well as the possibilities of CO2 storage on the Arctic shelf were analyzed. A model of the organization of the CCS technological chain in the Murmansk region with an economic justification for the project of transportation and long-term storage of CO2 in oil and gas fields is proposed and substantiated. The project pays off when setting a certain amount of payment for the transportation and storage of CO2, and also seems to be the most sensitive to changes in its value. It is proved that the implementation of such initiatives requires a developed institutional environment in terms of appropriate regulatory and incentive mechanisms. The scope of application. The results of the study can be applied both at the level of private business and at the state level when making decisions on the implementation of various models and organizational forms of CCS, including in the Russian Arctic.

Relevance. In the context of the military confrontation between the West and Russia, the role of the ideological factor and the definition of its central, axial line is even more increasing. This circumstance served as a necessary condition for the analysis of ideological work at different stages of the Great Patriotic War. At the same time, the main condition for the restructuring of the national consciousness was the need to transform the ideological discourse from peacefulness to hatred of the enemy. In this regard, an analysis of the propaganda work that was in the foreground of the fight against the enemy is given. Goal. Analysis of forms and methods of improving the propaganda work of the war years at the regional level from the standpoint of historical truth. Important importance is given to the restructuring of ideological work, the improvement of forms and methods, as well as the demonstration of the construct of ideological discourse in the context of evolution within the framework of the war period. Methodology. Methods of retrospective, logical and comparative analysis of forms and methods of war-time propaganda work. The research is based on the problem-chronological method, which made it possible to generalize and systematize the variety of forms and methods of propaganda work in the regions of the country. Results and conclusions. The role of propaganda work in the patriotic education of the people is shown, the participation of agitators in the most important wartime campaigns is reflected: raising funds for the defense fund, for tanks and squadrons, etc. The evolution of ideological influence in connection with changes in tasks during the Great Patriotic War is demonstrated: the initial stage is the reflection of aggression, the second stage is the expulsion of the enemy from Soviet territory, the third stage is the liberation of the European peoples and the German people from fascism. Ideological tasks corresponded to each stage of the war, which were implemented by all the people. The scope of application. The materials can be useful for political and historical education in the framework of the educational process in schools, technical schools, universities.